抽象事件因果规则:归纳与应用
文章背景与核心概要
随着人工智能在风险预警、决策支持和叙事理解等领域的深入应用,基于事件的智能分析系统对显式因果事件知识的依赖日益增强。然而,传统的实例级因果对在处理低频、长尾及未见过的事件组合时,往往暴露出严重的泛化能力不足问题。为了克服这一技术瓶颈,本文提出了一种名为“抽象事件因果规则(AECR)”的全新关系级因果抽象范式,旨在将具体的因果对转化为既保留本质因果关系又具泛化能力的抽象因果逻辑。
本文的核心贡献主要体现在两个方面:首先,开发了一个多智能体“具体到抽象因果归纳(CACI)”系统,结合相似度约束聚类,从充满噪声的原始因果数据中提炼出可靠的AECR,并构建了两个完整的AECR知识库;其次,提出了“抽象规则引导的因果注意力编码器(AR-GCAE)”,通过规则引导的注意力层和门控表征融合,将检索到的AECR注入到图事件预测(CGEP)基准任务中。定量实验结果表明,应用AECR能够显著增强事件因果推理的泛化能力,在各项事件预测任务中带来持续的性能提升,尤其在稀疏和未见事件样本上表现出最显著的增益。
Abstract Event Causal Rules: Induction and Application
Executive Summary
This paper introduces a novel relation-level causal abstraction paradigm called Abstract Event Causal Rule (AECR) to address the generalization limitations of traditional instance-level causal pairs in low-frequency, long-tail, and unseen event scenarios. By transforming concrete cause-effect pairs into generalized abstract causal logic, the authors develop a multi-agent Concrete-to-Abstract Causal Induction (CACI) system with similarity-constrained clustering to build robust AECR knowledge bases. Furthermore, they propose the Abstract Rule-Guided Causal Attention Encoder (AR-GCAE) to inject these rules into graph event prediction tasks, significantly enhancing reasoning generalization—particularly for rare and unseen events.
本文引入了一种名为“抽象事件因果规则(AECR)”的新型关系级因果抽象范式,以解决传统实例级因果对在低频、长尾和未见事件场景中的泛化局限性。通过将具体的因果对转化为广义的抽象因果逻辑,作者开发了一个带有相似度约束聚类的多智能体“具体到抽象因果归纳(CACI)”系统,以构建鲁棒的AECR知识库。此外,他们提出了“抽象规则引导的因果注意力编码器(AR-GCAE)”,将这些规则注入到图事件预测任务中,显著增强了推理泛化能力——特别是针对罕见和未见事件。
Metadata & Document Information
| Attribute | Details |
|---|---|
| arXiv Identifier | arXiv:2608.05205 [cs.AI] |
| Primary Subject | Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI) |
| Submission Date | August 5, 2026 |
| Authors | Ziwei Zheng, Peiqiong Chen, Bang Wang |
| DOI | 10.48550/arXiv.2608.05205 |
| License | Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International |
属性 详情 arXiv 标识符 arXiv:2608.05205 [cs.AI] 主要学科 人工智能 ( cs.AI)提交日期 2026年8月5日 作者 Ziwei Zheng, Peiqiong Chen, Bang Wang DOI 10.48550/arXiv.2608.05205 许可协议 知识共享署名 4.0 国际版
Abstract
Event-centric intelligent analytical systems heavily depend on explicit causal event knowledge for risk early warning, decision-making support, and narrative comprehension. Nevertheless, existing instance-level causal pairs suffer severe generalization deficits on low-frequency long-tail and unseen event combinations.
以事件为中心的智能分析系统严重依赖显式的因果事件知识来进行风险预警、决策支持和叙事理解。然而,现有的实例级因果对在低频长尾和未见事件组合上遭遇了严重的泛化缺陷。
To address this limitation, this work proposes Abstract Event Causal Rule (AECR), a novel relation-level causal abstraction paradigm that transforms concrete cause-effect pairs into generalized abstract causal logic while retaining their intrinsic causal relationships.
为了解决这一局限性,本工作提出了“抽象事件因果规则(AECR)”,这是一种新颖的关系级因果抽象范式,它将具体的因果对转换为广义的抽象因果逻辑,同时保留了其固有的因果关系。
Key contributions include: * CACI System: A multi-agent Concrete-to-Abstract Causal Induction system coupled with similarity-constrained clustering to distill trustworthy AECRs from noisy raw causal data, yielding two complete AECR knowledge bases. * AR-GCAE Framework: The Abstract Rule-Guided Causal Attention Encoder which injects retrieved AECRs into the causality Graph Event Prediction (CGEP) benchmark task via rule-guided attention layers and gated representation fusion.
主要贡献包括: * CACI 系统: 一个多智能体的“具体到抽象因果归纳”系统,结合相似度约束聚类,从充满噪声的原始因果数据中提炼出值得信赖的 AECR,从而产出两个完整的 AECR 知识库。 * AR-GCAE 框架: “抽象规则引导的因果注意力编码器”,通过规则引导的注意力层和门控表征融合,将检索到的 AECR 注入到因果“图事件预测(CGEP)”基准任务中。
Quantitative experimental results demonstrate that applying AECRs substantially strengthens the generalization capacity of event causal reasoning, delivering consistent performance improvements to event prediction, with the most prominent gains observed on rare and unseen event samples.
定量实验结果表明,应用 AECR 大幅增强了事件因果推理的泛化能力,为事件预测带来了持续的性能提升,其中在稀疏和未见事件样本上观察到的增益最为显著。
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