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面向高弹性空间机器人的无奖励持续自适应

文章背景与核心概要

太空机器人经常面临极端环境的考验,硬件老化或突发故障往往会使传统的控制策略失效。虽然持续强化学习是实现在线自适应的可行方案,但它通常依赖于外部奖励信号;而在缺乏外部跟踪系统的太空中,这些奖励信号极难计算。

本文引入了一种利用潜空间世界模型的无奖励持续学习框架。通过在多样化仿真中对智能体进行预训练,该模型学会了在其潜空间内预测奖励结构。在实际部署后,智能体将冻结其观测编码器和奖励预测器,仅通过无监督的轨迹前滚(rollouts)来更新转换动力学。这使得机器人能够通过在“想象的”轨迹上训练其策略来适应形态学故障,从而在无需新的外部奖励信号的情况下,有效实现系统的弹性。该方法已在行星表面越野、轨道导航以及精密装配任务中得到了验证。


摘要

Space robots often face extreme environments where hardware degradation can render traditional control strategies ineffective. While continual reinforcement learning is a viable solution for online adaptation, it typically relies on external reward signals that are difficult to compute in space due to the lack of external tracking systems.

This paper introduces a reward-free continual learning framework that utilizes latent-state world models. By pre-training an agent in diverse simulations, the model learns to predict reward structures within its latent space. Upon deployment, the agent freezes its observation encoder and reward predictor, updating only the transition dynamics through unsupervised rollouts. This allows the robot to adapt to morphological failures by training its policy on "imagined" trajectories, effectively enabling resilience without requiring new, external reward signals. The approach is validated across planetary traversal, orbital navigation, and precision assembly tasks.

太空机器人经常面临极端环境的考验,硬件老化或突发故障往往会使传统的控制策略失效。虽然持续强化学习是实现在线自适应的可行方案,但它通常依赖于外部奖励信号;而在缺乏外部跟踪系统的太空中,这些奖励信号极难计算。

本文引入了一种利用潜空间世界模型的无奖励持续学习框架。通过在多样化仿真中对智能体进行预训练,该模型学会了在其潜空间内预测奖励结构。在实际部署后,智能体将冻结其观测编码器和奖励预测器,仅通过无监督的轨迹前滚(rollouts)来更新转换动力学。这使得机器人能够通过在“想象的”轨迹上训练其策略来适应形态学故障,从而在无需新的外部奖励信号的情况下,有效实现系统的弹性。该方法已在行星表面越野、轨道导航以及精密装配任务中得到了验证。


核心特性

  • 无奖励自适应: 能够在缺乏外部奖励反馈的环境中进行学习。
  • 潜空间世界模型: 利用预训练模型来预测并适应硬件退化。
  • 高弹性(Resilience): 在复杂的空间场景中,经受住了严重形态学故障的测试。
  • 开源: 相关实现在官方项目仓库中开源。
  • Reward-Free Adaptation: Enables learning in environments where external reward feedback is unavailable.
  • Latent-State World Models: Leverages pre-trained models to predict and adapt to hardware degradation.
  • Resilience: Successfully tested against severe morphological failures in complex space-based scenarios.
  • Open Source: The implementation is available at the official project repository.

访问与资源


引用信息

  • arXiv ID: 2608.23452
  • 引用格式: arXiv:2608.23452 [cs.RO]
  • arXiv ID: 2608.23452
  • Cite as: arXiv:2608.23452 [cs.RO]